Art of casting metals



A ril 13,1926. 1,580,689

R. J. SHOEMAKER ET AL ART OF CASTING METALS Filed April 6, 1925 Patented Apr. 13, 1926.

nonnn'r AY. snonmAxE1t AND WILLIAM H. cnon'nor crncneo, ILLInoIs.

' aim: cns'rme inmate.

apnea...- sied s in e, 1925. semi No. 111,005.

To all whohtfz't may concern:

Be it known that we, RoBnn'r J SHOE- MIAKER and WInLI M H. Ciror'r," citizens of the. United States; residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State'of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Art of Casting Metals, of which the following is a specificationv Ourinvention relates to the art of casting metals and more especially the. art of casting metals such as alloys or mixtures of copper and le'ador copper, lead and tin," in the manufacture, for example of bearings, 'bush ings or the like.

p f alloys or mixtures'of metals of this type are cast in sand the slow cooling is likely to result in se egation of the constituent metals and a so contamination of the casting with particles of the molding sand. This latter is objectionable because of the abrasive character of the sand. Hence it has be'enproposed to use metalmolds. If such molds, however, are gated in the usual manner the molten metal on striking the bottom of the mold is likely to develop gases which give the c'astin an undesirable porous character. One 0 the objects of ourinvention is to obviate this objection by improved gating arrangements. Another obect is to provide for escape. of developed gases by an improved form of cope. A further object is to so construct the mold that the casting may be readily removed therefrom. v i

The invention has in view, specifically, the casting of approximately semiecylindrlcal bearings for locomotive'drivers, and a specific ob%ect is to provide" a novel form of mold for t is purpose.

In the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a mold embodying one form of the invention shown with the casting therein.

Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view ofthe same ,ona larger e. f

"Fi 3 is a view in erspective of what will termed somewhat arbitrarily the front mold section. V

Fig. 4 is a similar view of the back mold section.

Fig. 5 is a similar view of a wedge mold section forming part of but removable from the back section.

Fig. 6' is .ja similar view of the casting before removal of the sprue; and a Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 1 of a modilied form of mold.

Referring first to Figs. 1 to 6 inclusive, 10 designates a base plate, 11 the front mold section, 12 the back section, 13 a wedge section adapted to fit into a wedgeshaped channel 145 in a substantially semi-cylindrical portion 15 of the back section, and 16 a cope having a pouring opening 17 and an opening 18 for escaping gases above the mold cavity, which in the drawing is shown as occupied by the casting A. The mold parts above referred to are of cast iron or other suitable metal and the front and back sections are adapted to be connected together by bolts 19 passing through slots 20, 21 of said sections.

Cups 22, 23 may be arranged on the cope over the openings 17 and 18 to increase the head of molten metal and allow for shrinkage.

the mold (shown as occupied by sprue a) is formed in part in the back section and in part in the'wedge 13. The ingate has a relatively long horizontal portion or branch 25 leading from the lower end of the vertical portion 24 into the bottom of the mold cavity. As a result ofthis the gases freed from the molten metal as it strikes against the bottom of the mold have a chance to escape The vertical portion 24 of the ingate of 1 through the mold 'cavity and opening 18 be fore being; trapped by the inflow of metal to the mold cavity. The development of gases is greatest when the pouring starts and the mold is cold. In. order to prevent freezing of'the metal in the opening 18 and to facilitate the escape of gases this opening is lined with suitable material such as molders sand as indicated at 26 and in such case cup 23 may consist of a metal tube also lined with sand as indicated at 27. Cup 22 may be made of'two metal sections having flanges 28 secured together by bolts 29.

In the modification shown in Fig. 7 a sand cope 30 is provided, formed with openin 31 and 32 over the ingate 24 and mo d cavity. a

To remove the castin from the mold bolts 19 are taken out. an the front section taken away from the casting and back section, which may be easily done. Two series of screws 33, 33 are provided in the back section aligning with the edges of the casting. These screws are now turned down and as a result the casting, and with it the wedge 13, is forced from the back section, the wedge lying between the main body of the casting A and sprue a. The wedge can be readily removed, the sprue a out oil and also the riser spru b and the casting machined in the usual manner.

Though showing an apparatus desi ned for a particular type of casting, we wis1 to be understood as intending to cover the improvements of our invention generically, in

the sense of the appended claimsh By wedge is meant such configuration of the element 13 that it can readily be freed from the correspondingly formed'channel in the back section in which it normally lies. By vertical as applied to the in ate 24 andby horizontal as applied to e connecting passage 25 is meant substantially vertical .and horizontal, respectively.

We claim:

1. Metallic mold for casting metals comb prising two sections providing between them, a mold cavity, one havin a wedgeshaped channel, and a wedge in said channel.

2. Metallic mold for casting metals comprising two sections providing between them a mold cavity, one having a wedge shaped channel, and a wedge in said channel, said. last named section and wedge providing an ingate having a portion extending around the inner end of the wedge.

3. Metallic mold for casting metals comprisin two sections providing between them a mold cavity, one section having a wedge shaped channel, a wedge in said channel and pressure exerting means extending through said last named section for forcing the casting and wedge therefrom...

4. Metallic mold for casting metals comprising two sectionsproviding between them a mold cavity, one having a wedge shaped channel, a wedge in said channehsaid last named section and wedge providing an ingate having a portion extending around the inner end of the wedge, and pressure exerting means extending through said last named section for forcing the casting and wedge therefrom.

5. In a mold the combination of front and back sections, one having a. cavity and the other a projection to extend into said cavitv formed with a channel having opposite d1- verging sides, and a wedge in the channel conformable in its cross section to the cross section of the channel.

6. la a mold the combination of front and back sections, one havin a cavity and the other a projection extending into said cavity formed with a channel having opposite diverging sides, a wedge in the channel contormable in its cross section to the cross sec tionof the channel, said mold being formed to provide a vertical ingate between said back section and the rear face of said wedge, and a connecting passage under the lower end of said wedge leading to the mold cavity.

7. In a mold the combination of front and back sections, one having a cavity and the other a projection extending into said cavity formed with achannel having opposite diverging sides, a wedge in the channel conformable in its cross section to the cross section of the channel, and, means extending through the'back section ada ted to exert pressure against the edges of t e casting.

8. In a mold, the combination of front and back sections, one having a cavityand the other a projection extending into said cavity formed with a channel having opposite diverging sides, a wedge in the channel conformable in its cross section to thecross section of the channel, and screws extending through the back section adapted to exert pressure against the-ed s of the casting.

9. In a mold,'the com ination of front and ack sections, one havin a cavity and the other a projection extending into said cavit formed with a channel having opposite diverging sides, formable in its cross section to the cross section of the channel, said mold beingformed to provide a vertical in ate between said back section and the rear face of said wedge and a connecting passage under the lower end of said wedge leading to the mold cavity, and means extending through the back section adapted to exert pressure against the edges of the castin 10. Ina. mold, t e combination of front and back sections, one havin a cavity and the other a projection exten ing into'said cavity formed with a channel having opposite diverging sides, a wedge in the channel conformable in its cross section to the cross section of the channel, said mold being formed to provide a vertical ingate between said back section and the rear face of said wedge and a connecting passage under the lower end of said wedge leading to the mold cavity, and screws extending through the back section adapted to exert pressure against the ed es of the casting.

11. In a mdld, the combination of front and back sections, one having a cavity and the other a projection extendin into said cavity, and means extending t rough the back section adapted to exert pressure against the edges of the casting.

12. In a mold, the combination of front and back sections, one having a cavity and the other a projection extending into said cavity, and screws extending through the back section adapted to exert pressure against the edges of the casting.

13. in a mold for casting metals the combination of a base, front and bach sections a wedge in the channel con-- are neeaeee all of metal, one having a substantially semicylindrical cavity and the other a projection to extend into said cavity formed with a Wedge-shaped channel, a metallic vvedge' in said channel, said backsection and rear face of said Wedge formed to provide a vertical ingate, and the base and Wedge formed to provide a passage leading from the bottom of the ingate t0 the mold cavity, screws extending through the back section against the edges of the casting, and a metallic cope formed with an opening above the ingate and a sand lined opening above the mold cavity.

M. In a mold for casting metal, the combination of a base, front and back sections all of metal, one having a substantially semi-cylindrical cavity and the other a projection to extend into said cavity formed with a Wedge-shaped channel, a metallic wedge in said channel, said back section and rear face of said Wedge formed to provide a vertical ingate and the base and Wedge formed to provide a passage leading from the'bottom of the ingate to the mold cavity, screws extending through the back section against the edges of the casting, and a sand cope formed with an opening above the mold cavity ROBERT J All SHQJER', WILLIAM H. CROFT. 

